Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Becoming an Adolscent

Childhood to adolescences Eventually, everything has to change. Whether it is for the best or the worst is to be determined. In this short story Steven becomes more realistic about the nature of breaking up and he also learns to consider the feelings of others. Steven gains a deeper understanding of himself and figures out who he wants to become. In â€Å"breaking up† by Susan Beeby and Paul Lima, Steven experiences a transition from childhood to adolescences. Steven’s view of being in a relationship is not realistic because he does not know what commitment entails. He attended his girlfriend’s birthday party, where he made her a cake and gave her a special birthday gift. His girlfriend said â€Å"when he gave me a gold band for my birthday, I thought our relationship was solid. †(Beeby and Lima 1) Steven did not recognise the sentimental values a ring has for a girl. He did not think about the commitment he just made to her, resulting in a very immature choice. Steven is now seeing his ex-girlfriend not acting like she is upset or mad about him breaking up with her. She is not giving him the satisfaction that he craves for. Steven than proclaimed â€Å"and every time I saw her afterwards- laughing with her friends, but looking at me with icicle eyes- I almost gagged on what I said. †(Beeby and Lima 1) He is now taking more accountability for his actions. Steven is realizing he should have never made a commitment when he was not ready because it hurt him more in the end. He started out making immature decisions and he made progress through the story by taking more responsibility for the actions he chooses. In addition to that, Steven takes more steps to becoming more of an adult. Steven gets the opportunity to understand how to respect others feelings. His girlfriend was expressing how their relationship was not perfect. â€Å"the romance did have its weaknesses, Steven would sometimes break our date†(Beeby and Lima 1) said his girlfriend. Steven did not take into consideration that maybe his girlfriend was really looking forward to their date. He did not think about her feelings. More into the story, Steven’s girlfriend explained how he has changed. sometimes he brought me flowers and wrote me poems† (Beeby and Lima 1) his girlfriend expressed. He is now realizing he should respect his girlfriend’s feelings and he should make her feel special. By this time he is not just thinking about himself. Steven makes a transition from acting very immature to more mature, and is now actually treating his girlfriend with respect. With the ability to respect others, he f inds out who he wants to become. Steven has more of an understanding of himself. He is analyzing what he thinks a poet should do about love. love means commitment and real poets don’t commit themselves, not to no body. †(Beeby and Lima 1) Steven is relating himself to what a poet would do, not to what he thinks is best for himself. He also experiences a wide awakening of who he thought he was. Steven was questioning if he was really a poet. â€Å"but I should have known I wasn’t a poet because I was afraid of how far we could go on the name of poetry. †(Beeby and Lima 1) Steven made an adult decision realizing he was not a poet because he actually loved her. He finally understood that you can be your own version of a poet and do not have to follow all the guidelines of a poet. Steven takes a huge step from being a child to becoming an adult. He experienced the aftermath of a break up. Steven also now knows how to consider other people’s feelings not just his own. He realizes who he wants to become; Steven took some time to figure out his faults, but in the end it all worked out to better him. The only question is will he stay an adolescences or make his way back to becoming more of a child?

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Class System in Pakistan

ABSTRACT In this paper I would like to introduce interrelated propositions about the Social structure of Pakistan: (i) that Pakistan society is characterized by a social stratification process which is compensatory in nature; (ii) that the compensatory process of social stratification over the years has given rise to status-centric value orientation; and (iii) that the most significant indicator of status-centric orientation is emergence of artificial middle class which can be distinguished from real middle class in terms of norms. INTRODUCTION They originated as the cast system in the time of divin-reite monarchs,  Upper  related to, or avored by the monarchy. Middle related to management, legal and business. Lower:  often called, â€Å"The work force those whom have no rights the ones that die and sweat. That the rich might richer get. The everlasting poor. In Pakistan society, the  middle class may be divided into two or three sub-groups. When divided into two parts, the lower middle class, also sometimes simply referred to as â€Å"middle class†, consists of roughly one third of households, roughly twice as large as the upper middle or  managerial class. Common occupation fields are semi- professionals, such as lower-level managers or school teachers, small business owners and killed craftsmen. These individuals commonly have  some college education  or perhaps a  Bachelor's degree  and earn a  comfortable living. Already among the largest social classes, rivaled only by the working class, the lower middle class is diverse and growing. Though not common in sociological models, the middle class may be divided into two sections, And the least working class that’s express a lot of peoples. A social class is a homogeneous group of people in a society formed on the combined basis of * Education * Occupation * Income * Place of residenceAnd have who have similar social values similar interest in life and they behave a like have approximately equal position of respect or status in a society. The social classes of Pakistan: – 1. Upper class 2. Middle class 3. Working class 1. UPPER CLASS: – The upper social class which generally have high level of income and belong to be most high paying profession and they live in most cleanest place of the country and money will be no problem for them and their size is  2%  of the total society and approximately  3. 7 million  they have 60% to 65% of money of the country. They are actually * High status leadership * Big business man Top management of the company Members of the upper class control and own significant portions of the corporate and may exercise indirect power through the investment of capital. The high salaries and the potential for amassing great wealth through  have greatly increased for the power and visibility of the â€Å"corporate elite†. Many sociologists and commentators, however, make a distinction between the upper cla ss (in the sense of those in the families of inherited wealth) and the corporate elite. By implication, the upper class is held in lower regard (as inheritors of idle wealth) than the self-made millionaires in prestigious occupations.Yet another important feature of the upper class is that of inherited privilege. While most Americans, including those in the  upper-middl class  need to actively maintain their status, upper class persons do not need to work in order to maintain their status. Status tends to be passed on from generation to generation without each generation having to re-certify its status. Overall, the upper class is the financially best compensated and one of the most influential socio-economic classes in society. (i) Upper Middle Class The upper middle class consists of highly educated salaried professionals whose work is largely self-directed.Many have advanced graduate degrees and household incomes commonly exceed the high five-figure range. Members of this cla ss commonly value higher education – most holding advanced academic degrees – and are often involved with personal and professional networks including professional organizations. The upper middle class tends to have great influence over the course of society. Occupations which require high educational attainment, are well-compensated and are held in high public esteem such as physicians, lawyers, engineers, scientists and professors are largely considered to be upper middle class.The very well-educated are seen as trend setters with movements such as the anti-smoking movement, pro-fitness movement, organic food movement, and environmentalism being largely indigenous to this particular socio-economic grouping. Education serves as perhaps the most important value and also the most dominant entry barrier of the upper middle clas 2. MIDDLE CLASS: – The USC and MSC education are met different like USC study in foreign country like oxford university and MSC are study in local university of their country but income size will found more different their houses are ifferent their house are not huge and not think for a huge house of defense and think a house of Gulshan-e-iqbal their population is 28% out of the total population their population is 53 to 54 million of the total population They are actually * They are small to medium size business man. * Middle management * Low ranking govt officer And the big difference in USC and MSC is house concentration they focus more to their house but USC not so much home focus they are less and MSC lot home focus. The  middle class  is perhaps the mostly vaguely defined of the social classe.The term can be used either to describe a relative elite of professionals and managers also called the upper middle class or it can be used to describe those in-between the extremes of wealth, disregarding considerable differences in income, culture,  educational attainment, influence, and occupation. As with all soci al classes in pakistan there are no definite answers as to what is and what is not middle class. Sociologists have brought forth class models in which the middle class is divided into two sections that combined constitute 47% to 49% of the population.The upper middle or professional class constitutes the upper end of the middle class which consists of highly educated, well-paid professionals with considerable work autonomy. The lower end of the middle class – called either lower middle class or just middle class – consists of semi-professionals, craftsmen, office staff, and sales employees who often have college degrees and are very loosely supervised. Although income thresholds cannot be determined since social classes lack istinct boundaries and tend to overlap, sociologists and economists have put forward certain income figures they find indicative of middle class households. Sociologist identifies a husband making roughly $57,000 and a wife making roughly $40,000 w ith a household income of roughly $97,000 as a typical middle-class family. Sociologists identify household incomes between $35,000 and $75,000 as typical for the lower middle and $100,000 or more as typical for the upper middle class. Though it needs to be noted that household income distribution neither reflects standard of living nor class status with complete accuracy. i) Traditional Middle Class Those households more or less at the center of society may be referred to as being part of the pakistan middle or middle-middle class in vernacular language use. In the academic models featured in this article, however, the middle class does not constitute a strong majority of the population. The most prominent academic models split the middle class into two sections. Yet, it remains common for the term middle class to be applied for anyone in between either extreme of the socio-economic strata.The middle class is then often sub-divided into an upper-middle, middle-middle, and lower-mid dle class. In colloquial descriptions of the class system the middle-middle class may described as consisting of those in the middle of the social strata. The term middle class in this manner, especially when discussing the  middle-class squeeze. The wide discrepancy between the academic models and public opinions that lump highly educated professionals together in the same class with secretaries, may lead to the conclusion that public opinion on the subject has become largely ambiguous. ii) Lower Middle Class The lower middle class is, as the name implies, generally defined as those less privileged than the middle class. People in this class commonly work in supporting occupations. Although they seldom hold advanced academic degrees, a college degree (usually a bachelor's degree) is almost always required for entry into the lower middle class. Sociologists divide the middle class into two groups. In their class modes the middle class only consists of an upper and lower middle cla ss.The upper middle class, as described above, constitutes roughly 15% of the population with highly educated white collar professionals who commonly have salaries in the high 5-figure range and household incomes in the low six figure range. Semi-professionals with Bachelor's degrees and some college degrees constitute the lower middle class. Their class models show the lower middle class positioned slightly above the middle of the socio-economic strata. Those in  blue  and  pink-collar as well as  clerical  occupations are referred to as working class in these class models. . WORKING CLASS: – The term working class applies to those that work at this tier in the social hierarchy. Definitions of this term vary greatly. Population to be in either the upper-lower class or lower-lower class in 1949, modern-day experts argue that the working class constitutes most of the population. The WSC are not much more educated they are not in very accurative profession their incom e is low and they build one two room poorly houses, electricity not available water etc. Their size is 70% out total population of Pakistan.They are actually * They are very small size shop owner. Skill, semi skill ; unskilled * Low grade govt staff ( peons, driver) * Poor former * Political worker The term commonly includes the so-called â€Å"blue bloods† (multi-generational wealth combined with leadership of high society). There is disagreement over whether they should be included as members of the upper class or whether this term should exclusively be used for established families. Twentieth century sociologist divided the upper class into two sections: the â€Å"upper- upper class† and â€Å"lower-upper class† .The former includes established upper-class families while the latter includes those with  great wealth. As there is no defined lower threshold for the upper class it is difficult, if not outright impossible. Income  and  wealth  statistics m ay serve as a helpful guideline as they can be measured in a more objective manner. In 2012, approximately one and a half percent (1. 5%) of households in the had incomes exceeding $250,000 with the top 5% having incomes exceeding $157,000. Furthermore only 2. 6% of households held assets (excluding home equity) of more than one-million dollars.One could therefore fall under the assumption that less than five percent of Pakistan society are members of rich households As the day proceeded, I found myself reflecting and comparing the education system of that of Canada to that of   various parts of the international community. Before proceeding let me attest to the reality that I am in no way suggesting that the education system of that of Canada is not saturated with disparities, BUT, I do however want to allude to the reality of the increasing opportunity when considering the  access to education  when compared to countries like Pakistan, for example. my reference to Pakistan i s a direct reflection of my personal interactions with various members of the Pakistani community hence my first-hand take on the dynamics unfolding within the Pakistani education system) In Pakistan, and in most countries for that matter, (comprising the ‘West)  is  seen as  a provincial responsibility  ensuring the attainment of education  up to and including high school. Access to education in Pakistan however, does not serve as a preamble  for  social or economic  progression in the near future.Gender disparities,   the social hierarchical positioning of an individual, income, religious affiliation and perhaps the most infuriating of all, the structure of the education system in Pakistan all serve as challenges to achieve a substantive level of access to education. The society that limits access to education and knowledge is short-sighted and destined for extinction, like the societies described in  Collapse  by Jared Diamond. Furthermore, along with people’s pursuit of social justice one needs to also embark  on the pursuit of equal opportunities in education.Plato in â€Å"Utopia† makes reference to every citizen, regardless of sex, outlining that we must receive education from an early age, and that this should be the earliest concept of equality of educational opportunity. Education provides the bedrock for reducing impoverishment and enhancing social development. In Pakistan, there has been a downsizing trend for the quality of education but moreover, the transparency of curriculum made available to students in various schools is questionable as different schools provide arraying levels of educationMadrasas (religious schools housed at local mosques), state-owned schools, English  governed schools  and private schools are the various components of the educative framework in Pakistan. Although Canada also consists of both public and private schools, does curriculum vary by leaps and bounds in such a way t hat it further perpetuates class difference, taking away from any opportunity to erode the clashing of civilizations? Are students in Pakistan belonging to the lower classes able to even fathom the idea of attending a private and/or prestigious school within Pakistan?Why has the education system become reflective of the social and economic classes of Pakistan? Why the arraying curriculum? Are school’s like Karachi Grammer School, Frobels, Aithison College, Beaconhouse, American School Franchise   (and many others for which I would have to re-engage into conversations with certain individuals to remember and that in itself would be an unbearable task for me)   not aware of the students that are being pumped out of their system? The ‘elite’ schools of Pakistan are producing replicas of individuals who acclaim to be ‘elite’ as they are able to converse in English, shunning and onsidering their very own culture to be tainted with traits of backward a nd outdated. If access to education wasn’t atrocious enough, such ‘elitist’ schools have further contributed to ejecting students who, in some cases, further foster the already created social hierarchies within Pakistan. [Case and point:  Ã‚  Consider the social interaction of  some Pakistani students abroad and their pre-conceived notions of each other based on the school they've attended within Pakistan Access to what may be considered ‘decent’ education is undeniably tied to the class structure looming within Pakistan.This included geographical placement (and 70% of Pakistanis live in rural areas) so if one does not live in a major city your hopes for a post-secondary education are drastically low. When shedding light on job prospects and a prosperous future, the decline ratio between that of the Cambridge system (targets upper and upper-middle class) and the Urdu medium system (this encompasses government schools catering to the ‘restâ €™ of the population) is dramatic and continues to rise exponentially. From Nicholas D. Kristof’s article, formulated in Nov 2010 and published in the NY Times states One reason Pakistan is sometimes called the most dangerous country in the world is this: a kindergarten child in this country has only a 1 percent chance of reaching the 12th grade, according to the Pakistan Education Task Force, an official panel. The average Pakistani child is significantly less likely to be schooled than the average child in sub-Saharan Africa. † Such numbers are not surprising, but it seems that they have to be parroted time and time again to shake up the myopic vision of upper-class Pakistan. It is said that nations are not developed in factories and industries but it is developed in  colleges and universities.In the 2nd world war Churchill and Hitler passed a resolution that both armies were not attack on the  universities  of other countries. You can’t believe that most of the  children  those were born during 2nd world war were born in  colleges and universities. This resolution revealed the importance of education in the western countries. They believed that  colleges and universities  are the factories where their future leaders would be made. The education system of developed countries is very much strong and effective while the education system of under developed countries like  Pakistan  is not so good.Our  educational  system in  Pakistan  is facing lots of problems and  not working  properly. The main deficit of our  educational  system is that we have not a proper system on which every one should act. The education minister who is governing the education of  Pakistan  doesn’t believe on his own system and send his/her  children  abroad for studies. The upper class of  Pakistan  also send their  children  abroad for studies or they adopt the British  educational  system O’ Level and A’ Level in  Pakistan. The lower class people send their  children  in  government  schools that schools are at bottom in  ranking  due to bad performance.The products of these schools not compete with the upper class  children  which makes a huge difference between both classes. When both classes  students  got admission in  colleges  are  universities  for higher studies there is also a big difference in them due to the quality of education in English medium schools and the low quality of education at  government  school. Now the  government  has taken initiative to reduce this difference that English is necessary for all  government  educational  institutes. Here we will discuss the  educational  system of  Pakistan  in  colleges and universities.Students  are very much assured about getting job right after the graduation or master’s degree in any renowned  university. But they have to wait for a l ong time for a good job first they have to gain experience of any field. In our  educational  system of  Pakistan  you know  examination  system is not very good, you can’t believe it that at master’s level if you’ve read only 10 to 15 questions that are enough for passing exams. Some  universities  there are semester system and some has annual system, interesting is that there are many  universities  which have both semester and annual system at a same time in different disciplines.All the Pakistani  universities  and  colleges  have developed their own curriculum for studying. There should be the same course and curriculum for any  university  or college in  Pakistan. Government  should do some arrangement for this that all the  universities  should have same course outline of a specific study program. If the  universities  have the same course outline it would be very beneficial for the  students  as well as it would be helpful to improve education in  Pakistan. Poorstudents  of a college in a village would be study the same course and subjects which would be read by a student of any biggest  university  of  Pakistan.

Monday, July 29, 2019

Final Reflection Paper - Reflecting on Contemporary Social Issues Term

Final Reflection - Reflecting on Contemporary Social Issues - Term Paper Example Even during the 19th century blacks were treated as slaves in spite of several racist movements. This situation can be improved if the government adopts new strategies to improve the strata of the people. The political process has gone through a period of change and blacks are given equal opportunities when compared to the past. Though this seems to be a wise decision, this cannot resolve the other issues that prevail in the country. Regular people can certainly work towards ending the social injustice and they must work towards having a voice in the country’s political process. (Lassiter, 2007). To achieve this, people must involve themselves in the racist movements and organizations that fight against these social issues. Every citizen must become a member of a voluntary organization that deals with social problems. This in turn they will create an opportunity for them to participate in movements that emphasize the need of a government which eradicates these issues. They will also have an opportunity to voice out their opinions on the current political strategies and t his will certainly create a second thought in the government to include their ideas. This will even deal with intricate issues that lead to social problems. The biggest obstacles people face in order to achieve the equal society is the difference that prevails among the several strata of the people in the society. The Native Americans and blacks who migrate from other parts of the world are treated in a different manner. They are not given equal employment opportunities which create problems in their employment. Another problem is the incorporation of regulations that have been used for many decades. Since the social issues and racial problems are getting worse day by day, the government must include certain unique strategies that will deal with these prevailing

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Concordadane with Medication in Type 2 Diabetes Essay

Concordadane with Medication in Type 2 Diabetes - Essay Example Various techniques exist for presenting the information. Some of the methods include giving a presentation, printing a pamphlet and then distributing it among the people, giving a speech, personally conveying the message individually to each person, forming a team and then conveying the message in groups, using a website or even writing a report and then distributing the consolidated report among the people (Rota, Quadri, Fanti, Poglio, Paolasso, Ciaramitaro, Cossa, & Cocito, 2007).The method that is chosen must be according to the information that is to be delivered. The educational tool that I have used is a mug on which will be printed slogans regarding the adherence of medication regimen. A mug is a most commonly used utensil in our daily lives; we use it for different purposes and is always in our sight. The ease that is obtained while using a mug as a tool is that it is used by every person, whether the person is a male or a female or an elderly person or a child. It can be eas ily incorporated in our daily lives. The slogan can be printed in various languages and can also contain a small picture or image reminding of the benefits of adhering to the medication regimen and the harms that can possibly occur if the medication regimen is not followed properly (Relimpio F, Martinez-Brocca MA, Leal-Cerro A, Losada F, Mangas MA, Pumara A, & Astorga R, 2004). Besides other reasons a mug is an easily available utility and can be used by anyone; the greatest advantage of using a mug is the ease of accessibility. Using a mug to deliver and convey the message of remaining concordant to the medication routine is a very effective method because the most common utility that is used by any person is a mug; it is accessible to everyone. That is why using a mug to deliver the message is the most cost effective and efficient method (Hulka, Cassel, Kupper, & Burdette, n.d.). Diabetes type 2 is a disease in which it becomes very difficult for the patient to adhere to the stric t diet routine and take all the medicines on time. The patient has to undergo a very strict diet because a slight variation in the diet can lead to an increase level of sugar in the patient, therefore a strict diet must be followed (Moussavi, Renier, Roussin, Mamputu, Buithieu & Serri, 2004). The patients usually get tired of the limited food varieties available to them and get bored of the numerous medicines they are bound to take and so they are always in search of an escape from this strict routine. It is of immense importance that the patients are somehow informed about the adverse effects that they would have to face if they not comply with the medication regimen given to them and this can be beautifully and completely achiebed by printing different slogans on the mug and distributing them among the patients. The slogans would be a constant reminder for them to adhere to medications (Schillinger, Wang, Rodriguez, Bindman & Machtinger, 2006). It is of utmost importance that the patient strictly adheres to the given medication in order to ensure good and effective health care. Through research it has been observed and found out that a very small group of people exist who properly follow the prescribed medications and majority of the people are those who do not strictly follow the pres

Saturday, July 27, 2019

American Landscape Artwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American Landscape Artwork - Essay Example In particular, nature and landscape were utterly synonymous. Cole’s painting evidently depicts a picturesque image seen in the Connecticut River in the time of the romantic artist. The masterpiece clearly shows trees, shrubs, waters, and other images visible in the natural landscape. Further, the landscape painting is portrayed like a picture-postcard perfect, a characteristic of American romanticism. Church’s â€Å"The Heart of Andes† also belongs to the 19th-century American romanticism. Similar to Cole’s painting; Church’s art work depicts the panoramic view of the wilderness. â€Å"The Heart of Andes† shows the exotic of nature. In contrast to cityscape, Church’s painting evokes the untamed and virgin element found in the vast green forest. American romanticism is basically defined in terms of landscape, seascape, and other natural wonders -- what Kaufman and Macpherson (2005) call sublime and beautiful. The landscape paintings prominent in the 19th-century America are considered as part and parcel of the American romanticism. Cole’s â€Å"The Oxbow† and Church’s â€Å"The Heart of Andes† are beautiful and sublime landscape art works characterized in a romantic movement. Both paintings exhibit nature in its grandeur and exotic

Friday, July 26, 2019

Explain and comment on the proposition that the doctrine of the right Essay

Explain and comment on the proposition that the doctrine of the right of self-determination of peoples includes the legal entitl - Essay Example According to Franck (1990), symbolic validation and pedigree provide the cultural and anthropological dimension to legitimacy. Democratic entitlement has to shift to voluntary compliance, which depends on the strength of Reisman’s (1981) â€Å"the authority signal†. The legitimacy of a rule is based on its durability and consistency. Self-determination has a well-established pedigree, because it is the oldest aspect of the democratic entitlement. Self-determination asserts the right of a people in a particular territory â€Å"to determine its collective political destiny in a democratic fashion, and is therefore at the core of the democratic entitlement† (Franck 1992: 52). Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the proposition that the doctrine of the right for self-determination of people includes the legal entitlement to democratic governance. Self determination among indigenous peoples will be examined on the basis of the United Nations Gene ral Assembly resolutions, and other relevant concepts will be investigated. The Need for Self-Determination in International Law Self determination has developed from its modest beginnings in the United Nations Charter to â€Å"a legal entitlement of decolonization and to a free-standing human right† (Higgins 1995: 115). ... ermination of Jews during the Holocaust, followed by mass killing of gypsies or Romas and other groups, mass deportation to clean out unpopular ethnic groups, the Potsdam Agreement in 1945 between Russia, the United States and the United Kingdom authorizing the expulsion of some fifteen million people of German ethnic origin who had been citizens in different parts of Europe, and other large-scale forced transfers during the same period of turmoil. A new international legal order based on pluralism and tolerance was developed. The International Bill of Human Rights emphasized the equality of all human beings â€Å"irrespective of national or ethnic origin – and also irrespective of race, religion and gender† (Tomuschat 1992: 152). States were responsible for securing human rights in their own domestic system; and their autonomy was understood as popular sovereignty. In article 21 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, the authority of government would be based on the will of the people, which they will express through periodic, genuine and fair voting procedures. â€Å"Consequently, democratic governance was an essential component – both a precondition and a right in itself† (Tomuschat 1992: 152). The right of peoples to self-determination was introduced in the Covenants mainly with decolonization as an aim. At the same time, the underlying rationale for self-determination is that of popular sovereignty based on people governing themselves. The most important principle of international law is that of territorial integrity, the maintenance of the inherited State and of the population residing in that State. Changes can be introduced only when there are justified claims of self-determination; and the international community has to clarify for whom the principle

Legal Environment of BUSINESS FINAL EXAM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Legal Environment of BUSINESS FINAL EXAM - Essay Example On the other hand, the article contains guarantee for fitness of goods for the right use (Ferrari 43). This implies that the seller of a product should assure the buyer that the product will serve the intended purpose. In this case study, the seller bought software online from Ace Inc. according to Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code, the buyer is entitled to enjoy products of merchantable quality and the product should serve the intended purpose (Saxon 93). However, it appears that the buyer has no problem with the quality and performance of the product. The buyer discards the software because the seller has offered it at a higher price than another seller of similar product. Therefore, basing my view on article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code, I believe John (buyer) has no reason for discarding the software because the seller has met all the requirements as stipulated in the article. John was supposed to examine different prices offered by different sellers in order to decide on where to buy the product. The fact that John bought the similar software from a different company implies that what Ace Inc met the warranties of merchantability and fit for the purpose (Ferrari 71). Also, these warranties apply to John because he bought the software from a company that was operating in the same field of business. According to the law of contract, the buyer owes the seller duty of acceptance of the product and payment of reasonable price (Ferrari 112). Therefore, John should accept the software and pay a reasonable price for the products. In case the buyer feels that the price was unfair, he should petition the court to decide on what the fair price will be in this situation. Question B: sale of goods Contracts The contract is for the sale of goods as stipulated in English Sale of Goods Act 1893 (Saxon 154). A contract for sale of goods involves an offer and an acceptance. In this case study, Ammco made an offer to sell merchandise worth more than $500.00 to Erm a. According to the requirements of the contract of for sale, Erma agreed to purchase the merchandise in writing hence fulfilling the contract requirement that sale of goods exceeding $5 should be in writing (Ferrari 154). The contract involved two parties, the seller and the buyer. In addition, the consideration of a contract for sale of goods should be in monetary value, and this was fulfilled in the case study because Erma agreed to pay more than $500. The contract for the sale of goods determines the moment when transfer of property in goods takes place because this determines when the risk in goods passes to the buyer and remedy available to each party in case the goods are damaged. This contract did not follow the actual procedure of forming a contract. The additional information given by the seller to the buyer constitutes a counter offer hence the contract is voidable at the will of the buyer (Ferrari 187). This implies that the contract will be formed between the buyer and the seller the moment the buyer will accept the new conditions stated by the seller. Should the buyer agree to pay for insurance and cost of freight, then there will be a conclusion of a contract under Cost Insurance and Freight (C.I.F). Under C.I.F contract, the buyer has a right to accept the merchandise only if the merchandise meets the specifications stipulated in the contract. The goods on voyage are at the buyer’s risk since the seller insured the goods on his behalf. However, if the

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Choose one from the essay4 topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Choose one from the essay4 topic - Essay Example McKeon sounds a bit more pragmatic since he informs us about how the separation of the household from the business enterprise has left a substantial impact in the materialization of the capitalism and the modern culture. It was, however, Bordo’s notion of male-body that I found most interesting. Bordo focuses upon the cultural and psychological understanding of the male body in the post-modern world. Her writing also provides a good deal of argument on the gender issues related to body exposure in a variety of media. Though the issues discussed by McKeon and Bordo are not directly relevant to the pedagogical issues, yet we can derive a theory of education out of what they have presented in their works. My concept of education before reading the three authors was somewhat different. The study I believed that education was all about teaching and learning and that a teacher had to play pivotal role in the pedagogical process. The notion of education cannot be limited to formal education. Students spend more time at home or at other places than in schools. Their learning is a continuing process, which involves a variety of factors. A child’s education starts from the lap of her/his mother and then the exposure to society, peers, media, and a number of other factors directly or indirectly teach the child how to live, behave, interact, and handle problems. I also believed that a student-centered and activity-based education is better than the teacher-based education which involves extensive lecturing. I believed that a teacher must follow reflective teaching which involves creativity, experimentation and melioration of the pedagogical process through flexibility and acceptance of new formal/informal methods of teaching. The most important thing, in my opinion, was joy of learning. An ideal teacher should strive hard to teach in an interactive manner and make the students enjoy while learning new concepts. The authors we read during the course have

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Ethical Behavior of Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Behavior of Companies - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that honoring the interest of the shareholders is the priority of any business investment. Investors expect to yield maximum profit from the venture by maximizing revenue and minimizing cost. However, balancing these parameters leads to adverse consequences that result in social or environmental conflict with other stakeholders. Therefore, the integration of a CSR framework comes in handy to solve the conflict created by the business operations. The Corporate Social Responsibility model requires the firm to be responsible for its business practices that affect the community or the environment where it operates. However, this does not come at the expense of the enterprise success. For this reason, the value optimization is the ideal practice because it embraces social, economic, and environmental accountability to its stakeholders. The responsible shareholder-value optimization principle supports ethical actions and responsibility of the busin ess to its stakeholders. Under this principle, the organization is responsible for any social, economic or environmental inconvenience caused by its maneuver. As a result, this role gives the business a mandate to ensure ethical practices that are within the expectation of the shareholders, the community, and other stakeholders.

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Individual Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual Analysis - Assignment Example The professional standards in nursing practice are highly regulated and supervised. In my state, it is mandatory that each institution should have an internal audit program to ensure individual practitioners are up to standard. The professional nurse is expected to have appealing social and moral disposition to their patients. The promotion and the protection of the health of the patients is the key obligation of the nurse. Whereas there are a lot of legal regulations and rules that relate directly to medical practice, the greatest emphasis touch on nursing practices because that is the hallmark of medical practice. Each individual nurse therefore follows the law to the letter and consults widely with doctors and specialists in every activity. The code of ethics of nurses is the epitome of standards on which every nurse must perfectly adhere. In the event that such a code is broken or sabotaged, the individual patients’ lives may be in critical jeopardy. Moreover nursing scholarship is advancing and research that is ongoing about the best practices should be the nurse’s responsibility to gradually assimilate. Without the disposition to know the new standards, one could be on the wrong side of the law and that would bring down the institution of nursing. The Hippocratic Oath which is primarily a doctor’s area is always applicable to nursing. In this regard, nurses are prohibited from sharing particulars of the conditions of a patient with any other external parties. The nursing practice also strives to render services on the basis of saving lives to extent possible within the facility. Any actions that are deemed undertaken on mistake are gravely prohibited. Since nursing is a scientific endeavor in many respects, the philosophy of evidence and materiality of facts is crucial to the medical and nursing fraternity in particular. In addition, the philosophy of utilitarianism

Monday, July 22, 2019

Nokia & Microsoft Alliance Essay Example for Free

Nokia Microsoft Alliance Essay Microsoft would in turn provide support to Nokia in selling its new Windows Phone powered smartphones. Nokia’s Canadian CEO, Stephen Elop, and Steve Ballmer, his Microsoft counterpart, announced that Nokia would make Windows Phone its main phone platform, a move that effectively confirms that Nokia’s own platforms, Symbian and MeeGo, were uncompetitive and they would be tossed onto the technology scrap heap. There were mixed reactions from analysts to the alliance between Nokia and Microsoft. The challenge before the senior management at Nokia and Microsoft was how to make the alliance work. Nokia once dominated the market for standard â€Å"feature phones† and smartphones, the Internetenabled, multi-media devices that are becoming must-have tools for the business and high-end consumer markets. But Nokia’s Symbian OS has not proved popular with consumers, who have been migrating en masse to Android and Apple phones. As a result, Nokia began to face severe competition from companies like Google, Inc. and Apple, Inc. ho entered the market for high-end smartphones after 2007. Analysts said Nokia’s poor focus on software and the lack of the latest OS on its smartphones were the main reasons for its declining market share in the last years. In the autumn of 2010, Nokia faced three choice: the first was to keep developing its own OS, Symbian and MeeGo; the second was to adopt Google’s Android system; and the third was to go with Microsoft. The first option was dropped because of the long lead times that would be required to update Symbian and get M eeGo launched. Android dropped off the list because of the difficulties they were facing in â€Å"differentiating [ourselves] in that ecosystem †¦ [Going with Google] would have felt a bit like giving up†. In the smartphone industry, an ecosystem is the association of hardware developers (in this case Nokia), software developers and the builders of applications, ecommerce, advertising, social applications, multimedia services and the like. The last option – the partnership with Microsoft – was considered the best option. As a result, in September 2010 Nokia’s board appointed a new CEO, Stephen Elop, who was a former executive at Microsoft, to bring more of a focus on software and put the basis of NokiaMicrosoft partnership. Referring to this partnership and the attempt to prevent Google’s Android 1 OS and the Apple’s iPhone from owning the entire smartphone market, Mr. Elop said that â€Å"this is now a three-horse race†. Seated next to Mr. Elop in a London hotel auditorium, Mr. Ballmer said â€Å"this partnership with Nokia will accelerate – dramatically accelerate – our Windows phone ecosystem†. However, the partnership did not impress investors, who drove down Nokia’s shares in Europe at the beginning of February 2011. Analysts said the plunge was in good part due to Nokia’s warning of â€Å"significant uncertainties† over how the changes would affect the Finish company’s performance. Soon after taking over as CEO of Nokia, Elop sent out a memo to the employees emphasizing the need to bring about drastic changes at the company. On the other hand, Mr. Elop said the partnership with Microsoft was only part of Nokia’s strategy to recapture market share and improve profitability in a viciously competitive market, meanwhile extensive firings at both the senior management and factory level were expected in various parts of the world, including Finland. In a Reuters report, Finland’s Economy Minister Mauri Pekkarinen said that Nokia’s restructuring after the partnership with Microsoft â€Å"is the biggest structural reform which has ever impacted new technology in Finland†. As a result of the partnership agreement, Nokia’s hefty research and development budget would also come down. The partnership with Microsoft will see the fledgling Windows Phone 7 platform become the dominant platform on Nokia phones. This means that Nokia will eventually cease shipping phones equipped with its workhorse Symbian system, though the company still expected to sell another 150-million products in 2011. Microsoft Phone 7 was launched in 2010 and the first phones with the OS arrived on the market in October 2010; still, the system’s market share is tiny – no more than 3 per cent.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

The Power Of Media Media Essay

The Power Of Media Media Essay In general, media refers to the tools of mass communication. Media today consists of television, Internet, cinema, newspapers, radio, magazines, direct mail, fax, and the telephone. Viewers can see some form of pictorial representation of messages through certain types of broadcasting and advertising. Images are visual representations, pictures, graphics, and include video, movies. Images are very useful in media to help get across messages effectively. Media images are ubiquitous in modern society. We know this because when we go almost anywhere, for example, drive on the roads, we can see billboards promoting famous brands and the latest products. When we are attracted to advertisements, we may begin to imagine or visualize using it. The media can give us information to tell us what a product, service or message is. In fact, media influence has become so powerful today that they can easily influence people positively and/or negatively. We also live in a society that depends on the media as a source of entertainment and information. Indeed, the media images affect both individuals and society which includes women, men, teenagers and younger children. Today, our life will remain incomplete without media. For example, it provides an easy means of communication where people are able to contact friends and family from another side of the world. At the same time, media like television, radio and the Internet enhance our knowledge by providing access to information from all over the world. We can also receive different types of news or daily events through media, almost instantly, for example, through the Internet. For example, when the video of people protesting on the streets of Cairo in Egypt to change the government in Egypt was broadcast over the Worldwide Web, these images actually influenced more people from other countries to join the street protests in support of the Egyptian protesters. Something similar happened in 2010 in Thailand where the Red Shirts protested in the streets to oppose and change the Thai government. The Thai government then had supporters who wore the Yellow Shirts, and also marched in the streets. These k inds of images when seen on TV, newspapers or the Internet by individuals and society in general, can influence viewers to either support or not support those who are in power. At the same time, media like television enhances our knowledge by providing access to information all over the world. We can also receive different news or daily events through the television. It can also be such a powerful educational tool for the younger generation helping to put them on the right path. For example, Sesame Street is one of the TV programs that has a positive influence among many of the younger generation. They taught kids to communicate effectively, to spell correctly, choose healthy food and have fun with learning. First and foremost, they taught us to communicate with the deaf. It brings out the talents of the people. Television provides a good influence in education by helping to teach right values. Newspapers have a positive influence on society. Newspapers not only give information or the latest news. They also help in the positive linkage between government and the people. As a people in Malaysia, we need to have a greater concern for the economic and political issues of our country, which we can get from newspapers. Newspapers even help to increase knowledge that we cannot get from books. For example, a girl from Malacca killed herself after falling from a building. This news was reported by the Star newspaper. Through the news, we know that she died because she injured her head. If we want to know more about what is happening in the world around us, newspapers are a resource to get the daily information. On the other hand, mass media can at times have a negative influence. Advertisements can be created to convince people to buy or give support for certain products. In addition to advertisements, some messages may have hidden motives. For instance, advertisements may show images of young people enjoying fried chicken, burgers, snacks, and sweet drinks. These advertisements of images can have a powerful influence on the young. The hidden messages behind these advertisements are to persuade the younger generation to buy and to enjoy these types of foods. However, these images do not show or tell viewers that these foods may not be good for their health. Images in the media can have a powerful influence on our behavior. Movies, another form of mass media, today may show violence in one form or another. For instance, younger people may show disrespect or even bully older people. Images of violence somehow influence individuals and especially the younger generation to think that violence is accepted by society when it is not. Movies can also be used to show sexual images. Such images have a powerful influence on the mind and soul of young people. People who watch these images may be influenced to react in a socially unacceptable or even criminal manner. The movie The Tourist, is a romantic movie that shows the relationship between actors Angelina Jolie and Johnny Depp. He acts as a brilliant thief who steals a large sum of money. He is so smart that nobody can identify who he is. At the end of the story, he is not caught and goes free. This show somehow teaches the younger generation that it is right to steal and be smart they think is right. Magazines display visual images that can deeply influence female readers. Young girls and adult women spend time reading magazines partly or mainly because of fashion trends. Most of the models in the magazines are tall, slim and have nice hair. Based on the research from Internet, 70% of women feet insecure after they read the magazines such as Vivi, Mina, Allure, Instyle and Teen Vogue. In this example, women wanted to slim down to look like the model. They will go on diet until they see some result. They will also try to do some medical things that will cause some side effects to their bodies. These types of media images may have a huge impact on society, and may even influence public opinion on how females, especially young girls and women should look. In conclusion, the use of media images can be both positive and negative to the individual or society. In a positive way, media makes our lifestyle easier, for example, we can get to know what is going on out there, locally or globally, within a short space of time. Even though there are so many benefits from media images, we have to be careful not to let them influence us unknowingly. We need to be wise when using the media.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to Assess Bone Density

Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to Assess Bone Density INTRODUCTION Implantology has witnessed an explosive growth during the last few years, from a technique practiced on the fringe of acceptability to one embraced by the mainstream dentistry and dental implants have emerged as a widely accepted form of teeth replacement. Implants are bio-acceptable materials with an inherent capacity to osseointegrate into the jaw bone to support a dental prosthesis to restore adequate function and esthetics without affecting adjacent hard and soft tissue structures. The Success of any implant procedure depends on a series of patient related and procedure dependent parameters, which include general health conditions, biocompatibility of the implant material, feature of the implant surface, surgical procedure and the quality and quantity of the local bone1. Careful recording and analysis of clinical and radiological information, interdisciplinary communication and detailed planning play an important role in determining the final successful outcome. Bone density is a key factor to take into account when predicting implant stability2 Clinical studies show greater implant survival in the mandible than in the upper maxilla, due to the bone characteristics. This survival is influenced by bone quality i.e. bone density2 .The bone density is an important determining factor in implant treatment and can be assessed fairly using different imaging techniques3. The quality of bone in the proposed implant site in terms of relative proportion and density of cortical and medullary bone has frequently been assessed by using a grading scheme proposed by Lekholm and Zarb, which is applicable only to cross sectional images. This classification system has been utilized worldwide because it is easy to use without considerable investment. Misch (2008) used computed tomography (CT) to objectively classify bone density into 5 types based on Hounsfield units (HU). This method allows for a precise and objective assessment of bone quality2 Several imaging techniques are currently available for presurgical and postsurgical examination, including devices developed specifically for dental implant imaging. Computerized tomograms are one of the best available radiographs for determining the bone quality. With the advancement of radiographic technology, computed tomography (CT), as well as cone- beam computed tomography (CBCT) are increasingly being considered essential for optimal implant placement , especially in the case of complex reconstructions4 Unlike conventional two-dimensional  radiographs, techniques like CBCT offer 3-D views of the mouth, face, and jaw from any direction. The cone beam configuration is ideal for the maxillofacial region because the dimensions of the beam allow for a panoramic view, sparing patients the radiation exposure of separate scans of the maxilla and mandible5.The overall advantages of CBCT are in its high resolution, potentially lower radiation dose and reduced cost compared with standa rd Computerized Tomography2 The past two decades have seen continual efforts by manufacturers, researchers and clinicians to improve the success of implant treatment outcomes through evolution in implant designs, materials and clinical procedures6. One such aspect is co-relation of available bone density with primary implant stability. Primary implant stability denotes the stability of a dental implant immediately after placement. Implant stability can be evaluated objectively, noninvasively, and easily by the insertion torque test.7 The insertion torque measurement technique, which records the torque after the implant has been placed, provides information on the local bone quality8. A High initial stability may be an indication for immediate loading with prosthetic reconstruction. A low primary stability following implantation, can cause the implants mobility leading to failure. Bone density and implant stability are important factors for implant osseointegration, and has been widely demonstrated by several au thors3. The insertion torque measurement technique, which records the torque during implant placement, provides information on the local bone quality.1 A number of studies have shown the relationship between bone density based on CT and primary implant stability 9,10. However, there are few studies about the relationship between bone density estimated by CBCT and primary implant stability. The possibility of predicting the primary implant stability and bone quality during the pre-surgical assessment of the implant placement site may produce an implant treatment protocol with higher predictability. The bone density and Implant stability can be evaluated using CBCT and the insertion torque test which records the torque during implant placement and provides information of the local bone quality6, 8. Keeping in mind the aforesaid goals the present study was designed to compare and evaluate the relationship between the bone density estimated by CBCT and the primary implant stability of t he dental implants by measurements of the insertion torque and to determine their correlation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty out- patients with missing single/ multiple teeth who visited the Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore and who were suitable for implant rehabilitation were considered and taken up for the study. Patients with uncontrolled systemic/ psychiatric illness, previous history of undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy, pregnant patients, cases of post implant removal and implants placed in sinus lift and immediate extraction sites were excluded from the study. pre-operative assessment: Patients selected based upon the above criteria underwent a thorough clinical examination, and the details were recorded using custom-made case proforma. A written informed consent was obtained from all patients and a standardized pre-surgical and surgical protocol was followed for all the patients. Pre-operative bone density of implant sites were evaluated using cone beam computerized tomographic scans. Bone density measurements were derived using 3DiagnoSys version 4.1 Software (3DIEMME Bio imaging Technologies). 3Diagnosys ® is a diagnostic imaging, analyses and 3D simulation software, tailored for the Clinician. 3Diagnosys ® software helps to interact with the 3D-model of the Patient, which is obtained by importing TC/CBCT/RM images in DICOM format, in a simple and intuitive way. The tools included in this software are not bound to morphological reconstructions but are also able to extract from the DICOM data the densitometric values for a bone funct ional evaluation.)Pre-operative evaluation of bone height and bone width was done using Cone Beam Computed Tomographic scan and appropriate implants were selected to be placed. The bone height and width measurements were achieved using the â€Å"Carestream Dental Imaging Software v6.13.3.3 CS imaging software†(Fov-15x9cm)† .All CBCT scans were obtained using the â€Å"KODAK 9500machine† (10ma 90 Kvp, 200 micron resolution, 10.9sec exposure, 605mgy per cm2). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 16.0 software (SPSS Inc., Tokyo,Japan). Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs) was calculated to evaluate the correlation among density values and insertion torques. A value of P RESULTS The density value ranged from 209.91 to 667.13Hu. The mean density value and insertion torque of all implants were 464.69 + 135.74 Hu and 49.0 + 8.20 respectively. There was highly significant correlation between bone density and insertion torque (rs 0.89, P DISCUSSION Over the last decade, there has been significant changes in reconstruction with dental implants. Rather than merely focusing on the tooth or teeth to be replaced, today’s implant practitioner considers a broad and complex set of interwoven factors before formulating an implant treatment plan4. Proper treatment planning comprises of pre – operative depiction and quantification of accurate bone height and contour which can be established by radiographic examination.11 The success of dental implants relies heavily on both the quality and the quantity of available bone for implant placement3. Studies have shown higher failure rates for implants placed in bone of poor quality and quantity.3 Bone density is a key factor to take into account when predicting implant stability2 Clinical studies show greater implant survival in the mandible than in the upper maxilla, due to the bone characteristics. This survival is influenced by bone quality i.e. bone density2 The bone density is an important determining factor in implant treatment and can be assessed fairly using different imaging techniques5. The quality of bone in the proposed implant site in terms of relative proportion and density of cortical and medullary bone has frequently been assessed by using a grading scheme proposed by Lekholm and Zarb, which is applicable only to cross sectional images. This classification system has been utilized worldwide because it is easy to use without considerable investment. Misch (2008) used computed tomography (CT) to objectively classify bone density into 5 types based on Hounsfield units (HU). This method allows for a precise and objective assessment of bone quality3 Several imaging techniques are currently available for presurgical and postsurgical examination, including devices developed specifically for dental implant imaging.12 They are used to visualize the internal anatomy of the jaws in 3-dimensional perspectives, including the proximity of  nasal fossae, neurovascular bundles, pneumatization of the maxillae, soft tissue morphology and bone quality. Computerized tomograms are one of the best available radiographs for determining the bone quality. Periapical and panoramic radiographs are the least viable options as the subtle changes between the different bone types can’t be quantified using them, also the lateral cortical plates tend to obscure the trabecular density . With the advancement of radiographic technology, computed tomography (CT), as well as cone- beam computed tomography (CBCT) are increasingly being considered essential for optimal implant placement , especially in the case of complex reconstructions 13. Unlike conve ntional two-dimensional radiographs, techniques like CBCT offer 3-D views of the mouth, face, and jaw from any direction.1 The cone beam configuration is ideal for the maxillofacial region because the dimensions of the beam allow for a panoramic view, sparing patients the radiation exposure of separate scans of the maxilla and mandible14. The overall advantages of CBCT are in its high resolution, potentially lower radiation dose and reduced cost compared with standard Computerized Tomography15 The past two decades have seen continual efforts by manufacturers, researchers and clinicians to improve the success of implant treatment outcomes through evolution in implant designs, materials and clinical procedures2. One such aspect is co-relation of available bone density with primary implant stability. Primary implant stability refers to the stability of a dental implant immediately after implantation. Implant stability can be evaluated objectively, noninvasively, and easily by the insertion torque test.16 The insertion torque measurement technique, which records the torque after the implant has been placed, provides information on the local bone quality. High initial stabilization may be an indication for immediate loading with prosthetic reconstruction. If primary stability is not high enough following implantation, the implants mobility is high and can cause failure. A number of devices and techniques have been developed to assess implant stability, including cutting torque resistance analysis, the reverse torque test, the insertion torque test, the mobility measurement test, and resonance frequency (RF) analysis2. Implant stability can be evaluated objectively, noninvasively, and easily by the insertion torque test and RF analysis.17 The insertion torque measurement technique, which records the torque during implant placement, provides information on the local bone quality1. A number of studies have shown the relationship between bone density based on CT and primary implant stability .9,10However, there are few studies about the relationship between bone density estimated by CBCT and primary implant stability.In a study conducted by Isoda k et al; The bone quality evaluated by specific CBCT showed a high correlation with the primary stability of the implants.8 CBCT is one of the significant imaging modalities that can be used to assess the relat ionship between primary implant stability and bone density which can further give an insight into the prognosis of the implant treatment. Implant stability can be evaluated objectively, non-invasively and easily by using the insertion torque test which records the torque during implant placement and provides information of the local bone quality 1. Keeping in mind the aforesaid goals the present study was designed to compare and evaluate the relationship between the bone density estimated by CBCT and the primary implant stability of the dental implants by measurements of the insertion torque. It also aims to determine the correlation between bone density and primary stability of implant by insertion torque value. In all cases Implants were placed under local anesthesia. Different implant systems were used and all were root form implants. Surgical preparation and isolation of surgical field was accomplished according to standard operative protocols. A Crestal incision was placed and Mucoperiosteal flap was reflected and alveolar bone was exposed, and the implant placement site was identified by the marking made with the aid of the surgical probe. Osteotomy site preparation was done with a Reduction gear hand piece (1:16/64) with an external Irrigation attached to the handpiece. Implant osteotomy was performed using standard sequential drill bits as per the dimensions of the implant. The osteotomy was proceeded till the desired depth as per the selected implants. The Implant was driven into the osteotomy site using the manual torque wrench till the final depth was reached. All Implants placed were of tapered design and their lengths ranging from 8 to 16 mm and diameters from 3-5 mm. After placi ng the implant, the implant stability was measured manually using the insertion torque test by a torque wrench with calibrations .The insertion torque reading was measured and recorded at the maximum torque resistance achieved. The cover screw over the implant was then placed and Flap closure was done. Post-operative OPG and IOPA was taken. Routine Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed along with oral hygiene maintenance instructions. Patients were recalled for regular follow ups. Permanent prosthesis was given after 3 months. SUMMARY CONCLUSION The study assessed the bone quality with density values obtained by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) pre-operatively and determined their correlation with the insertion torque values recorded during the Implant placement procedure.From the observations and results obtained ,We can conclude that, the present study demonstrates the relationship between the bone density values derived from Cone Beam computerized tomography (Hu), located in the maxilla and mandible , and bone quality according to the Lekholm Zarb classification. The primary implant stability measured with the insertion torque test (ITV) depends on bone density values, bone quality and implant location. Implants Placed in location with higher bone density have more stability, and we can probably predict the implant insertion torque based on the bone density values (Hu) and the implant location. Finally, with higher bone density values (Hu) and higher primary implant stability measured in ITV values; Hounsfield units can be used as a diagnostic parameter to predict possible implant stability. The results of our study indicate that CBCT can be used to assess the bone quality. Also attaining a good insertion torque and thereby enhancing the implant stability aids successful osseointegration and prosthetic rehabilitation. Hence CBCT can be used as a predictor diagnostic tool for implant success. We suggest that a larger number of patients with a larger follow up might help a conclusive determining factor that pre-operative CBCT is a predictor for primary implant stability.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

The Turning Point in John Updikes A & P Essay -- A&P Essays

The Turning Point in John Updike's A & P John Updike's short story "A & P" reveals nineteen-year old Sammy, the central character, as a complex person. Although Sammy appears, on the surface, as carefree and driven by male hormones, he has a lengthy agenda to settle. Through depersonalization, Sammy reveals his ideas about sexuality, social class, stereotypes, responsibility, and authority. Updike's technique, his motif, is repeated again and again through the active teenage mind of the narrator Sammy. Sammy is, like most young men, object-minded. The object of his mind is the female body. Although his upbringing and the fact that he is at work do not allow him to voice his admiration for the girls in bikinis at the A & P, he lets the reader know, in no uncertain terms, what he is thinking. He gives each girl a name--Plaid, Big Tall Goony Goony, and Queenie--based on his evaluation of their physical body parts. The game is one that teenagers play the world over, with countless hours spent seeing and being seen. The primary object to view, in Sammy's eyes, is the queen. He describes how "she must have felt in the corner of her eye me and over my shoulder Stokesie in the second slot watching, but she didn't tip. Not this queen" (28). Sammy goes on to tell how "she [...] turned so slow it made [his] stomach rub the inside of [his] apron" (28). The irony of the setting is that the girls, dressed in nothing but swimsuits, have turned the neighborhood grocery store into a human meat mark et, with themselves as the commodity of choice for the male consumer. In Sammy's mind's eye, the queen was of such regal bearing that she commanded his worship. He envisioned his well-bred idol as being of a higher social class than his own. ... ...iphany that afternoon in the A & P. Sammy's immaturity and lack of experience were largely to blame for his wrestling with conflicting roles in his transition from child to adult. Updike's protagonist was at the same time an imaginative, observant young man who stood by his convictions, defending the girls to the end. Sammy was perhaps more intelligent and more gutsy than one would like to give him credit for, however. He knew what he did not want out of life. On that Thursday afternoon in the A & P, his name game caught up with him. Quitting his job was to be a turning point for him, a time for him to confront his own issues of sexuality, social class, stereotyping, responsibility, and, on a deeper leve, authority. Work Cited Updike, John. "A & P." Literature: Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and the Essay. Ed. Robert DiYanni. 5th ed. New York: McGraw, 1998. 27-31.

Friday, July 19, 2019

love Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Love (l v) n. deep, tender, ineffable feeling of affection and solicitude toward a person, such as that arising from kinship, recognition of attractive qualities, or a sense of underlying oneness. A feeling of intense desire and attraction toward a person with whom one is disposed to make a pair; the emotion of sex and romance. (Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary,  © 1996, 1998 MICRA, Inc). There are many different definitions of love. To each person it is different, but most agree it is one of the most important emotions to the each creature on this earth. There are also many different forms of love. For instance, love for your family versus love for a mate. It is still a mystery to most people why people do crazy things for love, or why people feel love â€Å"conquers all†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Definitions of love go as far as Greek mythology. For example, the story of Cupid and His mortal Bride Psyche. There are many explanations on how love exactly came to mean what it does. According to John Lee there are 6 different types of love. 1. Erotic love: romantic, sexual irrational, and largely based on physical attraction. 2. Manic love: intense, all consuming, possessive, and fluctuating between joy and despair. 3. Ludic love: egoistic, self-serving, competitive, and based on an unequal relationship between one partner who is highly committed and another who is emotionally uninvolved. 4. Pragm...

The Yanoman :: essays research papers

The Yanoman This ethnography is about the Yanomam. Most people will think of these people as 'primitive'. But we do not consider the fact that these people look at us and call us 'primitive' and 'subhuman'. This is why it is important to judge these people with an unbiased mind. The Yanomam are Indians that live widely scattered in southern Venezuela and northern Brazil. They usually live in villages of 75 to 80 people. But there are villages in which there are as little as 40 people or as many as 250 people in a single village. The Yanomam live by a combination of horticulture and foraging. Each household in the village clears their own land and cultivates it themselves. Chiefs, who have to produce more food to meet their obligation to provide hospitality, commonly receives help from others. A village can produce all of its needs from only three hours worth of work per person. One characteristic of the Yanomam is that they are accustomed to violence. Violence is a part of their lives because of their values and culture. Because of this, the Yanomam live in a constant state of warfare. Warfare appears as a main interest supported by a set of beliefs urging strong villages to take advantage of the weaker ones. A regular series of degrees of violence has been institutionalized. It ranges from chest pounding to side slapping. Both are likely to cause injury or death. The Yanomam do not utilize much technology except in their weapons. The main weapon produced by the Yanomam are arrows. They make arrows that are six feet long. These arrows are very accurate. Arrows not only serve as weapons but as valuable possessions that are commonly exchanged as gifts among the Yanomam.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Villages that are nearby may sometimes ally. One reason in which the ally is so that they can team up against another larger village. In order to demonstrate their friendship towards each other, the two villages trade and feast.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The men drug themselves on a daily basis with a substance called 'ebene'. It causes for the eyes to become watery. Another effect of this drug is and excessive production of mucous. The recipient allows for the mucous to drip freely from each nostril. It is believed among these people that the usage of this drug will have an effect in which bad spirits are relieved of.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The dead are highly respected in this culture. Once a person dies, it is forbidden to mention the name of the person ever again. It is considered an offense to mention the name of a family member that has passed away.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

A Closer Look On Being A Fangirl Essay

You’ve probably heard the word ‘fan girl’ before. You’ve probably even dropped it in one of your conversation or even read it when you were surfing the net. But what exactly does the word ‘fan girl’ mean? What does it mean to be a fan girl? A fan girl, according to dictionary.reference.com, is a person obsessed with any other single subject or hobby – it may be an actor or a fictional character. It is a person who has a compulsive dedication to a music artist. She is someone who does various things to show love to her idol. Such activities include talking about them almost all day and creating graphics (wallpapers, layouts, etc) that feature the idol. Some also collect posters and other merchandise of their beloved idol. Others even save up their allowances to go to the concerts of their idols. Nowadays, when a person hears the word fan girl, they immediately associate it with negative things. Fan girl is always pre-packaged with negative connotations about screaming teenagers, unhealthy obsession and certain shallowness of interest. And since it is associated with unhealthy obsession, most people, especially the parents, believe that being a fan girl is a bad thing because it detracts her from her studies. People believe that instead of focusing on her studies, a fan girl chooses to obsess over her idol/s. When she gets home, instead of doing her home works right away, she would rather sit in front of the computer and look for pictures and videos of her idols to see what they were doing during the day. She would even be on Google and know everything about her idols as much as she can. She would be fantasizing on how she would be able to meet her idol in the future. She would be doing all these first before doing her tasks as a student. And this is why parents often associate being a fan girl as a bad thing, for they only know these things. They don’t know that being a fan girl brings out something very good in every teenager. Becoming a fan girl happens when you idolize someone. You idolize someone not just because of the amount of wealth that she has or because of her physical attributes. You idolize someone because of her character. Because of this, you have someone to look up to. You have a role model. And since you have this idol as your role model, you excel on everything that you do because you are inspired by your idol. â€Å"Birds of the same feather flock together.† When you become a fan girl, you gain more friends. Believe me, I speak from experience. When you get to meet other people who have the same interests as you, you instantly become friends with them. You talk about why you became a fan girl, your idol, the number of albums and posters you have collected. And similarly, you also talk about your personal life as well, as you gradually begin to open up to this new friend of yours. Aside from that, you learn how to save money when you become a fan girl. Since you want to buy certain things such as the posters and albums of your idol/s or even go and watch their concert, you’d save up your allowance. You will gradually learn to value money because it is not easily earned. You will learn how to sacrifice in order to get what you want instead of always asking from your parents. You will come to know that not everything in this world will be given to us right away. Most of the time, you need to work very hard to make ends meet. Lastly, the activities done by a fan girl relieves stress. Every day when he/she goes home after a long day at school, a fan girl will immediately sit in front of the computer or laptop and watch videos or gaze at pictures of her idols. This is her way of relieving stress from a very long and tiring day at school. Now this is the thing that other people don’t know about fan girls, most especially their parents. For them, this is their own simple way of dealing with all of the hardships and stress they are experiencing every day. And for me, this is indubitably true because I do this almost every day. When these fan girls see their idols smile or even hear their voice, it’s like all the weariness that they feel melts away in an instant. Of course it doesn’t really go away, but then at the very least they gain the strength to continue and finish a long and stressful day. It is because of their idols that they continue to move forward. I think that this is one very positive side of being a fan girl because one gets to relieve herself from all the stress. And it indeed is a good thing because instead of doing other things, like drinking alcohol and smoking, she would rather look at pictures or watch videos of her idols to uplift herself. Think about it. This is so much better than resorting to vices like drinking, smoking and gambling. I think most parents should be thankful that their daughters who are fan girls are just watching pictures and videos of their idols or even practicing the dance steps to their idols’ dances instead of finding them outside doing vices. We never know that because of being a fan girl, she might excel in everything that she does. â€Å"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view – until you climb inside of his skin and walk around it† (Lee 30). This is what Harper Lee wrote in her book, How To Kill A Mockingbird. It’s the same with being a fan girl. You can never say that it is a bad thing unless you have tried to do it. Most people may view it as something negative, but I most certainly don’t. Being one has even helped me cope up with stress that I feel especially that I am now out of my comfort zone. We might not admit it, but we people tend to judge something or someone without even knowing or hearing the other side of the story. Little do we know that fan girls excel on what they do because they’re very inspired to reach their dream. Moreover, they are motivated by the thought that their idol/s will recognize them one day – not only as a fan but as a successful person who her idol can be proud of. Works Cited Lee, Harper. How To Kill A Mockingbird. Warner books, 1960.Print.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Culture And Socialization

gardening usher out be defined as the litigate by which people picture to get members of a society (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 58). Thus, the acculturation process of an unmarried starts from birth and continues d unrivalled with(predicate) push through liveliness. The period of cordialization helps an individual to bring forth feelings, perceptions, learn the rudiwork rackts of amic suitable interaction and also learn to recognize and respond soci on the wholey to p arnts and opposite primary(prenominal) people in their lives (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 58).According to Tepperman and Curtis (2011), lovingisation is accomplished by some contrasting variables including ethnicity, family structure, gender, surroundings and birth roam (p. 58). kindlyisation perpetuates culture so thus individuals ar affected by assimilation and culture in one way or the separate. By definition, culture is a dance band of shargond attitudes, set, goals, and practices that characterizes an institution, organization, or meeting (MacNeill, 2012). It is the gravestone to studying how we relate to each other.There argon distinct types of culture around the world, for example, Ameri seat culture, Chinese culture, and African culture. Tepperman and Curtis (2011) noted that nicety is different in the midst of places and at different times (p. 32). Culture consists of a send of principles and traditions which is passed on from one generation to another. Socialization teaches ethnical values and norms which provides the guidelines for our everyday life. It is therefore inevitable that acculturation becharms what we do as humans.This paper entrust argue that the effects of the capitulum agents of socialization work lead to the persistence of culture. This paper will thence discuss some of the attributes of the ethnical dry lands that argon connected with the process of socialization. Fin aloney, the essay will conclude with a discussion on the effects of socialization outcomes. The process of socialization starts within the linguistic context of the family. The family is considered to be the nigh impressive agent of socialization beca hold it provides the context in which the first and most(prenominal) tenacious intimate social relationships atomic number 18 formed.Tepperman and Curtis (2011), explains that In families, tikeren learn how to relate to other people, let out intimacy, and resolve conflict (p. 62). In order to accomplish this, p arents internalize social norms and values in their minorren to be take up in socially appropriate ways (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 62). Further much than(prenominal), the family is the childs window to the world. A childs experience of the world would be frame in by his or her familys social class, religion, ethnicity and so on (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 62).That is to say, a child who does not start the process of socialization within the family context is like ly to neglect a sense of self-control and other basic social skills which are lettered from the family. In addition, the family forges a primarily all- primary(prenominal)(a) role in shaping the childs attitude and behaviour. Tepperman and Curtis (2011), noted that sure-fire socialization of children involves not only saving about their outward conformity to agnate directives, but also enabling them to become self-regulating, and motivating them so that they become automatic to cooperate with parental socialization (p.62).The social interaction that takes place within the family compete is a major contributory part to the continuity of culture. The throng media is another ace agent which has been accorded a place of grandeur in the explanation of socialization. The kitty media create a key realm of cultural production and distribution. The battalion media including magazines, profits, newspapers, radio, television and all pith of communication which are enjoin t owards a vast audience in society are deemed to be authoritative agents of socialization.According to Tepperman and Curtis (2011), the media are Instrumental in transmittal and reinforcing certain values, social behaviors, and definitions of social realism (p. 64). The media also contribute to racial and intimate stereotypes stereotyped portrayal of men and women, racial or ethnic minorities, homosexual men or women, older people, or those with variable abilities shape viewer visiting and socializations (Tepperman $ Curtis, 2011, p. 64). Thus, the mass media is assumed to be significant, with powerful, long lasting consequences. Today there are more televisions and fewer people per household.In other address, more people are watching television alone (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p68). Children spend a salient deal of time surfing the lucre and watching television. Most of the time, these children are unsupervised or unsupervised because so many parents are in the labour forc e spending long hours to provide for their families.As a result of the increasing use of the internet and other sources of entertainment or nurture such as television, children are more liable to imitate what they see on the television or the internet. There has been a long standing concern thatfocuses on violence and pornography in digital media 20 years ago it was televisions peculiarly music videos but movies, comics and magazines have all been considered potentially dangerous sources of influence, particularly for juvenility people (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p65).The mass media is a primeval cultural concern because of the nature of the subject field that it brings to the vast majority of people (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 45). by the production and the distribution of information to a wider audience, the mass media serves as a means by which cultural and social continuity is attained.As children move through childhood, there are many environmental influences on their s ocialization to prominent roles. Children gradually move beyond their experience of the family as they become concern in groups in the neighborhood, other families, peers, look groups and so on (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 64). Peer groups have gained increasing recognition as an important socializing agent for children (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 68). The peer group usually involves children within a condition peer group are the analogous age and come from the same social status.According to Tepperman and Curtis (2011), gypgroup provides Important opportunities for children to learn to relate to others and cast up their social skill (p. 68). This is achieved by children interacting with their peers in playgroups to develop a frame of reference work not based on adult authority (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 68). This is the time children are able to learn among their peers and function independently without superintendence from an adult. The peer group exerts great influ ence especially in the adolescence. Tepperman and Curtis (2011) depicts boyish as a period of testing limits (p.68).In 2008, Sara, Shmuel and Zinaida cerebrate that Adolescents prefer alternative and independent ways, especially with peers, over activities that are organized for them by adults (p. 373) The instruct is an important institution which provides an environment for the transmission of social values through teaching and learning. Tepperman and Curtis (2011), argues that the School is probably the most important locus of childhood and adolescent socialization because it is central to a schoolgirlish persons social life and acts as a filter for future occupation choice (p. 70).In school, children learn discipline, social interaction and other basic skills that are deemed to be appropriate by society. The school also provides a platform for children to mingle, play and interact with peers. Through this, they learn to understand themselves and others. Sara et al. (2008) c oncluded that the school enables them to socialize immaterial the family, to establish independence from adults, to practice the skills call for for entering conventional adult roles, to develop their future adult identities, to express their induce interests, and to build their own cultures with their peer groups (p.373).In the process of socialization, beliefs and values are passed on to children through row practices. Communication is the sharing of signification by which the thoughts of one person are made understandable to another (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 44). Tepperman and Curtis (2011), defines talking to as a System of words both written and spoken for the decide of communication (p. 44). Socialization is realized to a great extent through the use of language, the primary symbolic medium through which cultural knowledge is communicated and instantiated, reproduced and transformed.During this process, individuals learn the language of the culture they are born int o as well as the roles to play in life. In addition, the mass media is also one of the most important attributes of the cultural realms that play a variety of social roles in the socialization process. Through distribution and production, the mass media transmit messages to a mass audience. They are the means by which we find out about important political, economic, and social happenings.We believe on them for the information we need to understand our local, regional, national, and global contexts (Tepperman & Curtis, 2011, p. 46). Through the mass media, individuals can learn the cultural practices of other countries or culture. For example, through the mass media, people can watch the Chinese New social class celebrations without going to China, the Caribbean Calypso Carnival without going to Jamaica or the Olympics games without visiting the host nation.The principal agents of socialization are the most important contributory factors to ensuring the continuity of cultural atta inment. The family, mass media, school and the peer group have been accorded a place of importance in the explanation of socialization. It is important to note, however, that there are also certain attributes of the cultural realm that are connected with the process of socialization. These attributes of the cultural realm includes language, mass media and so on. Thus, there is a circular relationship between culture and socialization.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Hayleys Consumer HR policy

Hayleys Consumer HR policy

You dont need to get a team policy on every aspect of your organization.Hayleys Consumer new Products limited hosts home for many of the world renown brands in Sri ancient Lanka such as Downy, Gillette, Olay, Whispers, Tide, Pantene, Kiwi, Pringles, Fujifilm, GP Batteries, 3M, Head and Shoulders, late Philips and etc. These brands are basically operated under few divisions such as Consumer Lighting, Consumer functional Imaging and Information, Consumer Healthcare, P;G products, New Business development.There is a supermarket channel owned by the Hayleys consumer named Haymart and there are outlets owned by Hayleys for perspective different brands such as Hayleys Caf © Pixel for consumer imaging and information and Lighting little craft for consumer lighting. Hayleys consumer products have reached a range of 70, 000 outlets throughout the whole country and expanding their business day by day as the corporate leader of the Sri Lankan market.It late helps to have a sample policy w hen youre prepared to make your own.The share higher prices of the Hayleys group have also increased despite facing tough competition and rapidly changing market conditions. Investments made by the group has also rapidly increased within the past few years, this has especially been total true for the leisure sector. 2.Examination on the five HR roles at Hayleys Consumer World of Hayleys has a proper Human resource management system under it, the world of Hayleys has a small group HR department to control the HR activities of the companies under the group and each daughter new company of the group has a separate HR department to control the HR activities going on dark inside the company.

Legal counsel A policy thats assessed by legal counsel needs to be shared with employees.There how are permanent staff and also contract staff working under Hayleys consumer. Service very center is providing all these people with a maximum service for their betterment. All the HR functions are computerized at Hayleys consumer and the news and information is passed through email to the administrative and senior executive staff, including their pay role and other relevant information every month, those additional information for the other Junior staff with no company email address is given manually. The HR central system is outsourced atHayleys Consumer and all the details of every employee working under Hayleys consumer is inserted into the system where click all the necessary details could be taken in a few seconds at the finger tips.Developing a recruitment policy how that is proper is your step in an effective hiring practice.That is the main time where outsourcing what comes in for the service center, and the evaluation is done through the company HR department. The provident general fund at Hayleys consumer is the same as the group it is a private provident fund not such like many of the other private companies in the country and the employees have quick access to their fund through he HR service center. . 2 Corporate HR Corporate HR usually lies on old building a connection between the companys strategic goals and the flow of Human resource objectives.

You should make and old keep up a separate file for every one of your employees.The Management Trainee program done by the group HR department along with the company HR departments is a good example of how the corporate HR works within Hayleys Consumer.Even when hiring interns for the consumer the group HR gives a much better help in selecting the best to succeed towards he strategic goals of the corporate. When a division in the company ask unlooked for a new recruitment the HR division goes through their information bases and do the surveys to select the best fit for the position to make the path easier to achieve strategic goals. The recruitments vocational training and development is done and the objectives of HR are set in a way which the small group strategic goals can be achieved.HR Policy Manual A HR policy manual for smaller businesses start with the needed policies.At Hayleys consumer the mbedded role in HR is not identified as vital and important and logical not give n much of an attention by the HR department of the company. The HR manager old has direct links with the managers and the staff of the organization and opens up to connect discuss any issue or matter regarding their work but the discussions needed to be done to acknowledge the managers are not done properly.Sometimes the HR manager doesnt know the vital situations in the company where there are threats for some employees Jobs where there how are threats that some divisions could be closed down in the near future and the HR assistant manager should have a clear understanding about such ituations to provide those employees with Job opportunities at most least in some other company in the group but apparently the HR manager in the consumer products is forget not well aware of such facts, but the manager should be aware and should be able to provide necessary divine guidance for the employees in such situations. .

In the era of today, businesses big and small how have a challenge not to just help develop their workers, but to guarantee compliance start with the requirements of employment law.2. 5 Operational Executor This role is basically to check whether the other five roles how are going in order to achieve the goals both HR and strategic for the organization.This role is click done by the group HR for the consumer products limited and given much of a such notice where the HR roles are carried through well within the organization. Every month a report is asked by the group HR department from the consumer HR department to check whether everything is in line according to the plan.Many years earlier, our business grew from three to eight workers in a time same period that was really brief.Employees need to be favorable and collaborative.

Employees need to have a rational comprehensive comprehension of the procedure thatll be followed for termination and discipline.Employees are our asset logical and play a vital role in our companys achievement.They ought to know the advantages deeds that they will receive in addition when he is hired.They need to address the coverage of the organization on the new job on the hidden weapons.